Merge 2022 event

Event · PageRank 0.0000

Overview

The Merge was Ethereum's transition from proof-of-work mining to proof-of-stake consensus, completed on 15 September 2022 at approximately 06:43 UTC. It joined the existing Ethereum execution layer with the Beacon Chain consensus layer, ending mining on the network after roughly seven years of research and development. The change cut Ethereum's energy consumption by an estimated 99.9% and replaced miners with validators, who must stake 32 ETH (directly or via pools) to propose and attest to blocks.

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Frequently asked questions

When did the Merge happen?

15 September 2022, at around 06:43 UTC.

What did the Merge change?

It replaced Ethereum's proof-of-work mining with proof-of-stake consensus, merging the execution layer with the Beacon Chain and ending mining on Ethereum.

What is the energy impact?

Proof of stake is estimated to have cut Ethereum's energy requirements by about 99.9% compared with proof of work.